As traditional fuel tax revenues continue to fall short due to rising vehicle fuel efficiency and the rapid adoption of electric vehicles, states are increasingly examining alternative ways to fund roads and bridges — including road usage charge (RUC) programs, where drivers pay based on miles traveled rather than fuel purchased. While only a handful of states have launched permanent RUC programs, dozens more are actively studying pilots or legislative options, signaling a potential shift in how transportation systems are funded nationwide. In fact, four states have fully adopted RUC frameworks with others watching closely as they explore fairness, sustainability, and long‑term funding stability for their infrastructure.